Entry #9

Temperature

The temperature is based on the idea of thermal equilibrium to quantify "hotness". 

Process to thermal equilibrium:

When 2 objects of different temperatures are placed in contact with each other, heat will flow from the hotter object to the cooler object unit they have the same temperature. This is NOT necessarily the mid-temperature. When they are in this state, they are in thermal equilibrium.

The temperature of a substance increases when the average velocity of the particles increase. The heat causes an increase of vibrations of particles in the substance.

Temperature Scales

Fahrenheit (ºF)

Celsius/Centigrade (ºC)

Kelvins (K)

All these scales have 2 things in common: A zero point and a scale. 

Celsius/Centigrade: Has 2 fixed points: Melting point of ice (Ice point) and Boiling point of water                        (Steam point)

Fahrenheit: Ice point is 32ºF, Steam point is 212ºF

Kelvin: Same scale as Centigrade scale, change of temperature of 1ºC = change of temperature of 1K. The Kelvin scale only has 1 fixed point, which is the absolute zero, or the point where particles stop moving and cease to have temperature. (0K)

IMPORTANT CONVERSION!!

0K = -237.15ºC

100K = -173.15ºC

Difference = 237.15

ºC = K-273.15

K = ºC-273.15

Thermometers

A thermometer is any device that has a physical property that changes with temperature. 

The range of temperature is the Highest - Lowest temperature reading on the scale. 

Some physical properties

1. Volume of liquid

2. Electrical resistance of metal

3. Pressure of gases in constant vol container

4. Conductivity of a semi-conductor device

Properties of a thermometer

-Sensitivity (How small a change it can register)

-Responsiveness (How fast it registers)

-Range (How wide the range of temperature it can measure)

Okay.... so that's all for now. (Hope everything came out right... my handwriting is nearly unreadable. Xp Was in a rush.)